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Missouri Cotton News
November 13, 2000
This newsletter is published for the Missouri Cotton Industry.
Editor: Bobby Phipps
State Extension Cotton Specialist
AGRONOMISTS PEST MANAGEMENT FARM MANAGEMENT
Cotton: Bobby Phipps Insects: Michael Boyd David Reinbott
Soil: Gene Stevens Weed Science: Andy Kendig
Area Specialists: Diseases: Al Wrather Irrigation
Mike Milam Area Specialist: Ray Nabors Joe Henggeler
David Guethle
Warren Cork AG ENGINEERING
Pat Turman Van Ayers
Official Missouri Cotton Variety Trials
The trials were conducted in five locations. All were adequately
irrigated. Senath is the southern most location with a silt loam soil.
The wind blown sand and diseases certainly had an effect on this trial and
many plots had to be discarded. The trial did recover very well and had
some very good yields.
The Clarkton trial was a satisfactory trial on a sandy soil. The soil does
vary somewhat throughout the test. The CV, coefficient of variation, was
twenty-three percent. This tells us that there was twenty-three percent of
the variation that was due to something other than differences between
varieties. In cotton yield trials the CV should be below fifteen percent.
The precision of the test needs to be improved.
The Sikeston trial was one of the most uniform tests that I have ever had.
It was on a silt loam soil. The yields were very good. This year was one
of those rare years when the north part of the Bootheel was better than the
south end. The CV was very low, eight percent, indicating that the results
are very reliable. It is most unusual to have a CV this low. The lower
the CV, the more reliable the data becomes.
The silt loam trial at the Lee farm had two weak spots that were probably
due to blowing sand. It had an average CV of fifteen percent.
Weather in the spring was very hard on the trial at Senath and many plots
were lost due to poor stands. However the plots that remained did very
well. With so many missing plots the data in this trial is not as reliable
as I would like even with a CV of thirteen percent.
The test on clay soil was four degrees warmer than the silt loam soil. But
as is typical for clay soil growth slowed down during the growing season.
The CV was sixteen percent, which is fairly respectable.
We planted 4.5 seed per foot except with the Aventis varieties, which are
planted at a rate of four seed per foot due to a very high seed quality.
Insects were severe all year with thrips, aphids and boll weevils being a
big problem. Harvest went very well. The samples were ginned on a twenty
saw Continental gin stand preceded by an inclined cleaner and feeder
extractor and followed by a single stage of lint cleaning. The samples are
then sent to the International Textile Research Center in Lubbock, Texas
for classing on a high volume instrument. We should receive the fiber data
in a few weeks.
We owe a special thanks to Charles Parker, Chuck Provence and Johnny Hux
for conducting the off-station trials for us. Without their help the off-
station data would not be possible.
This Years' Cotton Grades: Light Spots and High Mikes
A local cotton merchant asked me "why there were so many light spotted
cotton grades." We checked some our lint samples that had been
mechanically picked and found brown lint adjacent to seed that had
contained boll weevil larvae. When this seed is ginned it will result in a
brown spot in the lint. This can cost several cents per pound when it
results in a light spotted grade. The high micronaire bales that have been
found in some lots of cotton may be because of the loss of a top crop due
to the severe weevil infestation. Usually the low micronaire cotton found
in the uppermost bolls is blended with the high micronaire bolls found in
the lower part of the cotton plant and the resulting sample has a
satisfactory micronaire. However this year there are no bolls in the upper
part of the plant to blend with the high micronaire bolls. Losses due to
the boll weevil are far worse than I had imagined.
Choosing a Cotton Variety
It is much more difficult to choose a cotton variety than ever before. Not
only does one have to choose the genetics but the weed and insect control
packages. Varieties do not stay on the market as long as they have in the
past. This means we have less unbiased information upon which to base our
decision.
Stability of yield is very important. We need a good yield every year
because the bank note must be paid every year. Look for stability in more
than one year's testing. Almost any variety can perform well once. Look
at the public variety trials for at least one year and then plant a strip
trial of several top rated varieties in the middle of one of your better
fields and compare to your present variety. You can determine how the
varieties perform on your soil and under your management techniques. You
can learn about the varieties individual personality. Then you can feel
more comfortable with your personal experience growing the particular
variety and you will have two years of public data at this time. Data
should be evaluated from several locations in order to determine the
stability of yield. At this point you should be fairly safe in planting a
fairly large portion of your farm to the new variety. I used to recommend
one extra year of public testing but the varieties are not staying around
for a long enough period for this to be feasible as it once was.
In choosing the herbicide packages one must look at their specific weed
problems. There are several questions to ask yourself. Are the weeds being
controlled well without the engineered herbicide tolerance? What are the
emerging weed problems? Is the herbicide package in a high yielding
variety or is it in an obsolete or unadapted variety? Will weeds be
controlled more economically with the engineered variety?
In Missouri the insect control package is not much of an issue since we
have so few budworms and not too many bollworms. It is up to debate if one
can get a full return on the investment from the engineered insect
resistance.
Most of all don't choose a variety without making a very careful decision.
Clarkton Variety Trial
Variety Lbs/Acre
-----------------------------
FM 958 1238 a
ST X9905 1059 ab
PM 1218 B/R 1006 abc
SG 215 B/R 1001 abc
ST 4691 B 950 a-d
DP 428 BG 945 a-d
ST 4892 B/R 945 a-d
SG 105 884 b-e
FM 819 870 b-e
ST 4793 R 870 b-e
SG 501 B/R 859 b-e
NK 2108ss 850 b-e
SS 9901 848 b-e
SG 747 842 b-e
CONDOR 834 b-e
ST 474 809 b-e
DP 420 RR 800 b-e
SG 521 RR 795 b-e
PSC 355 789 b-e
DP 436 RR 781 b-e
SS 9501 778 b-e
GAVILAN 767 b-e
FM 966 761 b-e
DP 422 B/R 758 b-e
SG 125 B/R 756 b-e
BXN 47 756 b-e
DP 451 B/R 742 b-e
DES 607 742 b-e
DPL X99S01R 736 b-e
PM 1560 BG 728 b-e
GA 161 727 b-e
DP 425 RR 714 cde
DP 388 711 cde
AP 9257 708 cde
SG 125 RR 697 cde
Texas 224 652 cde
AP 7115 622 cde
ST X00001 585 e
AP 1500 RR 563 e
Std Deviation 189.4
CV 23.47
Portageville Clay Trial
Variety Lbs/Acre
-----------------------------
PSC 355 839 a
ST 4691 B 831 ab
SG 747 797 abc
FM 958 783 a-d
SG 215 B/R 783 a-d
CONDOR 781 a-d
DP 428 BG 772 a-d
PM 1560 BG 772 a-d
NK 2108ss 772 a-d
FM 966 756 a-e
SG 105 753 a-e
ST 4892 B/R 750 a-e
PM 1218 B/R 744 a-e
SS 9901 739 a-e
ST 474 736 a-e
ST X00001 730 a-e
ST X9905 725 a-e
DPL X99S01R 722 a-e
DP 451 B/R 719 a-e
BXN 47 714 a-e
SG 501 B/R 705 a-e
DES 607 703 a-e
FM 819 693 a-e
Texas 224 691 a-e
DP 388 672 a-e
DP 436 RR 672 a-e
AP 7115 672 a-e
SG 521 RR 669 a-e
SS 9501 661 a-e
SG 125 B/R 655 a-e
GA 161 652 b-e
AP 1500 RR 650 b-e
AP 9257 648 b-e
GAVILAN 641 cde
ST 4793 R 633 cde
DP 420 RR 608 de
SG 125 RR 580 e
DP 422 B/R 580 e
DP 425 RR 577 e
Std Deviation 152.7
CV 16.49
Portageville Silt Loam Trial
Variety Lbs/Acre
-----------------------------
SG 105 1174 a
ST 4892 B/R 1160 ab
FM 958 1140 abc
ST 474 1135 abc
ST X9905 1126 a-d
FM 966 1118 a-e
PM 1218 B/R 1101 a-f
SG 215 B/R 1048 a-g
DP 428 BG 1040 a-g
BXN 47 1029 a-h
DP 451 B/R 1026 a-h
ST 4793 R 1012 a-i
DPL X99S01R 1006 a-i
AP 7115 990 a-j
SG 521 RR 967 a-k
DP 436 RR 965 a-k
PSC 355 962 a-l
DP 420 RR 951 a-l
ST 4691 B 934 a-l
PM 1560 BG 923 a-l
ST X00001 906 b-m
DP 425 RR 903 b-m
DES 607 903 b-m
FM 819 884 c-m
SG 501 B/R 878 c-m
DP 388 861 d-m
SG 125 RR 853 e-m
DP 422 B/R 853 e-m
SS 9901 839 f-m
GA 161 831 g-m
SG 747 811 g-m
AP 9257 769 h-m
NK 2108ss 756 i-m
CONDOR 750 i-m
SS 9501 736 j-m
AP 1500 RR 719 klm
Texas 224 708 klm
SG 125 B/R 697 lm
GAVILAN 655 m
Std Deviation 104.7
CV 14.8
Senath Variety Trial
Variety Lbs/Acre
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PM 1560 BG 1651 a
ST X00001 1617 ab
ST 4691 B 1578 abc
ST 474 1528 a-d
FM 958 1517 a-d
Texas 224 1517 a-d
SG 215 B/R 1509 a-d
BXN 47 1506 a-d
ST 4793 R 1494 a-e
AP 9257 1466 a-f
PSC 355 1461 a-g
SS 9901 1416 a-h
SG 105 1411 a-h
SG 501 B/R 1394 a-h
PM 1218 B/R 1394 a-h
FM 966 1390 a-h
GA 161 1383 a-h
GAVILAN 1361 a-h
ST X9905 1349 b-h
DES 607 1346 b-h
NK 2108ss 1338 b-h
ST 4892 B/R 1338 b-h
DP 422 B/R 1316 b-h
SG 521 RR 1305 c-h
DPL X99S01R 1294 c-h
DP 388 1277 c-h
AP 7115 1255 d-h
SS 9501 1245 d-h
AP 1500 RR 1201 e-h
FM 819 1193 e-h
DP 420 RR 1193 e-h
DP 451 B/R 1190 fgh
CONDOR 1182 fgh
DP 436 RR 1165 fgh
DP 428 BG 1160 gh
SG 125 B/R 1149 h
DP 425 RR 1140 h
Std Deviation 173.8
CV 12.81
Sikeston Variety Trial
Variety Lbs/Acre
-----------------------------
PM 1218 B/R 1374 a
FM 958 1313 ab
ST X9905 1260 abc
FM 966 1204 bcd
SG 215 B/R 1202 bcd
NK 2108ss 1196 bcd
DP 388 1193 bcd
DES 607 1177 bcd
AP 7115 1160 cde
SG 105 1154 cde
ST 474 1154 cde
SG 747 1151 cde
DP 428 BG 1151 cde
PSC 355 1151 cde
ST 4793 R 1151 cde
SS 9901 1138 c-f
DP 420 RR 1135 c-f
GAVILAN 1132 c-f
DP 425 RR 1121 c-g
DP 436 RR 1121 c-g
CONDOR 1111 c-g
ST 4892 B/R 1107 c-g
PM 1560 BG 1097 d-g
BXN 47 1093 d-g
AP 9257 1085 d-g
SG 521 RR 1076 d-g
SG 125 RR 1072 d-g
DPL X99S01R 1065 d-g
DP 422 B/R 1062 d-g
SS 9501 1062 d-g
SG 501 B/R 1059 d-g
ST 4691 B 1054 d-g
FM 819 1051 d-g
DP 451 B/R 1048 d-g
ST X00001 1012 efg
Texas 224 987 fg
AP 1500 RR 967 g
SG 125 B/R 962 g
GA 161 962 g
Std Deviation 92.1
CV 8.24
University Outreach & Extension does not discriminate on the basis of
race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability or status
as a Vietnam-era veteran in employment or programs.
PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENT
In order to protect people and the environment, pesticides
should be used safely. This is everyone’s responsibility,
especially the users of pesticides. Read and follow label
directions carefully before you buy, mix, apply, store, or
dispose of a pesticide. According to the laws regulating
pesticides, they must be used only as directed by the label.
DISCLAIMER STATEMENT
The University of Missouri does not warrant products mentioned
in this publication. The use of a trade name does not
constitute recommendation of one product over other (generic)
proucts of a similar chemistry.
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